摘要
甲苯二异紙酸酯(TD)是制造聚氨酯的基本原料,其合成方法很多,但光气
化法是目前世界上唯一的工业化方法。本课题旨在充分借鉴国际国内的先进生
产技术经验基础上,并结合原装置具体情况加以改进,确保了整改成功率,以
促进我国异氰酸酯工业的发展。
本设计从研究现有TDI生产装置存在的问题入手,通过原料气工艺技术方
案的选择与论证,提出了造气装置的技改措施,包括煤气炉技改方案、蒸汽系
统改造、空气系统改造、循环水系统改造和除尘加压装置,净化装置的技改措
施包捂粗脱硫、精脱硫、一氧化碳精制以及氢气精制和压缩等;对国内外TDI
工艺技术方案进行了比较与选择,详述了MTD(甲苯二胺)生产工艺流程和技
改措施,包括选用活性更好选择性更好的催化剂,增加氢化沉降槽容积,更换
原有过滤器,改造原有邻位体脱除工段构造,增加湿洗冷却器和湿洗抽气风机
等;阐述了
光气合成工艺流程和TDI生产工艺流程,对光气化工段、光气回收
工段、光气破坏洗涤工段、TDI蒸馏和回收工段、盐酸生产工段进行技术改造,
改造后使装置产能由原来的3万吨TDI/年提高到了年产4万吨TDI年,并论证
了改造前后的TD装置工艺消耗
技改前后技术指标的对比和生产考核结果表明,所有指标都达到设计要求,
并达到世界先进水平,本项目综合技术经济指标比较好,抗风险能力强,市场
前景良好。
关键词:原料气,TDI,MTD,技改,异氰酸酯
ABSTRACT
Toluene diisocyanate(TD )is the basic raw material used to produce polyurethane
Phosgenation reaction is the only industrial way during the numerous ways of
synthesis. The paper aims to promote the TDI equipment technology level on the
basis of current experiences of home and aboard to enhance the probability of success
and promote the development of Isocyanate industry.
The promotion is custom designed for the origin equipment and this is valuable
to Chinese isocyanate industry. The author designed the modified scheme of gas
generating device including gas manufacture furnace, steam supply system, air
system, water circling system, dust filter and compression devices. The promotion of
cleaning devices include preliminary desulfurizer, secondary desulfurizer, CO
condenser, hydrogen condenser and compression etc. The detailed analysis and
selection of TDI industrial strategy home and aboard and MTD engineering scheme is
provided in this study. The modification involves using better catalyst, increasing th
volume of bydro-sedimentation channel changing filter, optimize the internal
structure of de-adjacent-isomer device, and add coolers and air ejectors of wet
cleaning. The modified scheme of phosgenation synthesis of TDI is elaborated, the
phsgenation reaction, phosgene recycling, cleaning, TDI distillation, hydrochloric
acid production is technolo ically promoted. TDI production capacity of the plant is
changed 40kt/a from 30kt/a after technical promotion And the energy expenditure
increased is calculated
The comparison of the present and previous technological and industrial
indicators indicated that all the indicators reached the designed standard. The
promoted equipment is world-advanced, the scheme of this study is economical
risk-resisting and market promising
KEY WORDS: Virgin gas, T Dl, MTD, Technological Promotion, Isocyanate